An IP address is a unique number assigned to every device connected to the internet, helping identify it and its location. There are two main types: IPv4, which looks like four numbers separated by dots (like 192.168.1.1), and IPv6, a longer alphanumeric version for more devices. Understanding IP addresses matters for SEO because they can affect website speed and performance, which in turn impacts search rankings. Many businesses use dedicated IPs to boost security and ensure their site runs smoothly.